SOURCE: AFI

The Indian Navy has been identified as a key driver behind the development of the Long-Range Anti-Ship Missile (LRAShM) by the Defence Research and Development Organisation (DRDO). While the LRAShM was initially conceived for coastal defense, its massive size and weight have rendered it incompatible with integration on the Navy’s frontline warships. However, this limitation has not diminished its strategic value; instead, it has led to a unique deployment strategy aimed at enhancing coastal security and deterrence.

The missile employs a hybrid propulsion system, combining rocket boosters for initial launch with a scramjet engine for sustained hypersonic flight. This technology allows LRAShM to travel at speeds exceeding Mach 5, making it incredibly difficult for enemy defenses to counter.

SOURCE: AFI

An intense debate has erupted on social media platform X (formerly Twitter) over whether India should rename the Bay of Bengal as the Bay of India. This discussion gained traction after newly inaugurated U.S. President Trump signed an executive order to rename the Gulf of Mexico as the Gulf of America, citing territorial and strategic reasons.

Proponents of the renaming argue that the Bay of Bengal, which is geographically bordered more significantly by India than by any other country, should reflect this dominant presence. Advocates point out that the bay is flanked by India’s eastern coastline, including the states of Tamil Nadu, Andhra Pradesh, Odisha, and West Bengal, which together form a vast majority of its border.

SOURCE: AFI

In a significant stride towards self-reliance in defense manufacturing, India appears to be transitioning away from the long-serving Czech Republic-made Tatra Transporter Erector Launchers (TELs) to home-grown alternatives. This change was notably showcased during the Republic Day 2025 rehearsals, where Ashok Leyland’s 12×12 heavy-duty vehicle was seen carrying the formidable Pralay tactical ballistic missiles.

For decades, the Indian military has relied on Tatra trucks, known for their robustness and off-road capabilities, particularly in rugged terrains like the Himalayas and the deserts of Rajasthan. These vehicles have been pivotal in transporting and deploying various missile systems, including the BrahMos and Prithvi. However, the push for indigenous solutions under the “Atmanirbhar Bharat” (Self-reliant India) initiative has catalyzed this shift.

SOURCE: AFI

In a momentous display of India’s advancing military might, the Republic Day Parade on January 20, 2025, featured the inaugural showcase of the Twin Launcher for the Pralay ballistic missiles. This event not only underscored the country’s commitment to bolstering its strategic capabilities but also marked a significant milestone in missile technology development under the auspices of the Defence Research and Development Organisation (DRDO).

The Pralay missile, known for its tactical, short-range surface-to-surface capabilities, has been in the spotlight since its successful tests. With a range varying between 150 to 500 kilometers, Pralay is designed for conventional and nuclear roles, offering a versatile asset to the Indian Army’s arsenal. The introduction of a twin launcher configuration signifies an enhancement in deployment speed and efficiency, allowing for rapid, successive strikes on multiple or the same target.

SOURCE: AFI

In a landmark move for sustainable and innovative manufacturing, PTC Industries has announced the signing of a long-term agreement with AMIC Toho Titanium Metal Company Limited (ATTM) for the supply of Titanium Sponge. This significant agreement was formalized at the prestigious Future Minerals Forum 2025 in Riyadh, Saudi Arabia, underscoring PTC’s commitment to advancing its capabilities in the aerospace and industrial materials sector.

The agreement with ATTM, a joint venture between Advanced Metal Industries Cluster (AMIC) and Japan’s Toho Titanium, is pivotal for PTC Industries as it guarantees a consistent and sustainable supply of Titanium Sponge. This raw material is crucial for the production of high-quality aviation-grade Titanium Ingots and subsequent products, which are in high demand in the aerospace industry for their lightweight, strength, and resistance to corrosion.

SOURCE: AFI

In a significant shift in policy, Bharat Heavy Electricals Ltd (BHEL), a state-run enterprise known for its extensive range from rail coaches to power generation equipment, is potentially being removed from the list of companies targeted for divestment. This development stems from discussions about categorizing BHEL as a “strategic” public sector unit (PSU), according to sources familiar with the matter.

A source, speaking under the condition of anonymity, revealed that this decision aligns with recommendations from a parliamentary committee which has advocated for BHEL to be recognized as a strategic PSU. “Now that a parliamentary committee has also recommended the tag of strategic PSU for the company, there would be further thought on this,” the source explained, indicating a reevaluation of BHEL’s role within the national framework.

SOURCE: AFI

In 2024, India’s strategic defense capabilities have seen significant advancements with the addition of several new missile systems to its already formidable arsenal. Among the notable developments is the introduction of an upgraded version of the Agni-5 Intercontinental Ballistic Missile (ICBM), now equipped with Multiple Independently Targetable Re-entry Vehicle (MIRV) technology, marking a substantial leap in India’s nuclear deterrence strategy.

SOURCE: AFI

In the ever-evolving landscape of geopolitical strategy and military technology, South Asia stands at a critical juncture. Recent reports suggest that Pakistan is on the verge of acquiring the J-35A, a fifth-generation stealth fighter from China, potentially shifting the regional air power balance. This development raises questions about India’s strategic responses, particularly in the context of its own fifth-generation fighter jet program, the Advanced Medium Combat Aircraft (AMCA). With the United States still withholding approval for the sale of F-35A jets to Taiwan, could an invitation for Taiwan to join India’s AMCA project be a prudent move?

Pakistan’s move to procure the J-35A from China is not just about upgrading its military capabilities but also about sending a clear message to its neighbors, particularly India. The J-35A, designed for both air superiority and strike missions, is expected to enhance Pakistan’s air force significantly. This acquisition could provide Pakistan with a technological edge, at least temporarily, as India’s AMCA is still in development and not expected to be combat-ready until the mid-2030s. The implications of this are profound, potentially altering the air combat dynamics in South Asia .

SOURCE: AFI

In a significant development towards enhancing India’s military mobility in rugged terrains, Larsen & Toubro (L&T) and BAE Hagglunds have jointly presented the BvS10 Beowulf, also known as Sindhu in its Indian variant, to the Indian Army. This articulated all-terrain vehicle (AATV) has undergone rigorous trials in the harsh conditions of the Ladakh region, demonstrating its capability to navigate through some of the world’s most challenging landscapes.

Developed to meet the specific operational demands of the Indian Armed Forces, the BvS10 Sindhu is an advanced version of the globally recognized BvS10 Beowulf.

SOURCE: AFI

In recent years, the Indian judiciary has played a pivotal role in fostering gender equality within the traditionally male-dominated Indian Armed Forces. This evolution in military policy and practices can be seen as an imposition of feminist ideology, aimed at dismantling gender stereotypes and ensuring equal opportunities for women in the military. However, this push for equality has not been without controversy, as evidenced by a notable leaked letter concerning women officers.

The journey towards gender inclusivity within the Indian Armed Forces was significantly influenced by a series of landmark judicial decisions. In 2020, the Supreme Court of India ruled in favor of granting permanent commissions to women officers, a decision which was seen as a direct challenge to the military’s long-standing gender biases. The court’s directive not only allowed women to serve longer tenures but also opened the door for them to command units, a privilege previously reserved for male officers. This ruling was met with varied responses, with some hailing it as a victory for constitutional feminism, while others criticized it for potentially disrupting the military’s operational ethos without adequate preparation.

SOURCE: AFI

The Indian Navy’s latest addition to its submarine fleet, INS Vaghsheer, has sparked interest not only for its capabilities but also for its emblematic crest. Contrary to what might be suggested by the Wikipedia entry, which labels ‘Vaghsheer’ as a type of sandfish, the official crest of the submarine proudly features a thresher shark, highlighting a fascinating choice in naval symbolism.

Launched under Project 75, INS Vaghsheer is the sixth and last submarine of this series, and its crest showcases a thresher shark, an animal known for its distinctive long caudal fin. This fin, which can be as long as the shark itself, is famously used by the thresher shark to whip and stun its prey, a characteristic that metaphorically aligns with the stealth and strike capability of a submarine.

SOURCE: AFI

In a recent social media exchange, Sridhar Vembu, the CEO of Zoho Corporation, emphasized the critical need for India to achieve technological self-reliance in key sectors like defense. His comments were in response to a tweet by Indranil Roy, who highlighted the importance of countries developing their own military aircraft, using historical and contemporary examples.

Roy’s tweet praised the indigenous Tejas fighter jet program, defending it against criticism regarding production delays. He pointed out that nations like the United States, China, South Korea, and Turkey have pursued self-reliance in aircraft manufacturing, contrasting them with countries like Japan, Germany, and the UK, which he suggested have compromised their technological independence by opting for foreign solutions.

SOURCE: AFI

In a strategic development that underscores India’s growing clout in defense technology collaborations, the Indian defense sector has left both Safran of France and Rolls-Royce of the UK in a state of uncertainty regarding the co-development of the engine for the Advanced Medium Combat Aircraft (AMCA). The Gas Turbine Research Establishment (GTRE), under India’s Defence Research and Development Organisation (DRDO), has yet to announce its choice of partner for this critical project.

The AMCA program, aimed at producing a 5th generation stealth fighter jet, is at the heart of India’s ambitions to achieve self-reliance in military aviation. The engine, a key component, is expected to deliver between 110-130kN of thrust, marking a significant leap in capability over current Indian fighter engines.

SOURCE: AFI

Larsen & Toubro (L&T), one of India’s premier engineering and construction conglomerates, has embarked on a significant technological venture with the Indian Institute of Technology Delhi (IIT-Delhi) to develop an indigenous 3D scanning SONAR system tailored for underwater applications. This partnership aims to push the boundaries of underwater exploration and surveillance in India, highlighting a step towards self-reliance in advanced marine technology.

The collaboration focuses on creating a state-of-the-art 3D SONAR system that leverages the latest in acoustic technology to provide detailed three-dimensional imaging of underwater environments. The project is particularly aimed at enhancing capabilities for applications such as underwater inspection, mapping, and navigation, which are crucial for industries like defense, oil and gas, and marine research.

SOURCE: AFI

Hindustan Aeronautics Limited (HAL) finds itself at a critical juncture with its Light Utility Helicopter (LUH) program, particularly with the imminent threat of increased competition from the Airbus H125 in the Indian market. The Airbus H125, soon to be assembled in India through a partnership with Tata Advanced Systems Limited (TASL), poses a significant challenge to HAL’s LUH.

Here’s why HAL needs to accelerate the development and production of an improved LUH MkII.