SOURCE: AFI
In a significant move aimed at modernizing its aging fighter fleet, the Pakistan Air Force (PAF) has announced plans to procure the Chinese-made FC-31, a fifth-generation stealth fighter jet currently under development for the People’s Liberation Army Navy (PLAN). The FC-31 is expected to replace PAF’s aging F-16 MLU-15 fighter jets, with the transition scheduled to begin by 2030. This procurement, to be carried out in multiple phases, marks a strategic shift in Pakistan’s defense posture as it looks to acquire cutting-edge technology to maintain air superiority in the region.
The FC-31 is a twin-engine, multi-role fighter jet that boasts advanced stealth capabilities, high maneuverability, and the ability to carry a wide array of weapons, making it a formidable platform in the fifth-generation fighter jet category. Originally developed for the PLAN as a deck-based fighter, the FC-31 has undergone significant modifications to meet the operational requirements of the PAF. While primarily designed for carrier-based operations, the air force variant of the FC-31 will be tailored for Pakistan’s specific defense needs.
As per reports, the PAF plans to acquire the FC-31 in batches, with the first batch consisting of 25 units. Over the coming years, the PAF may procure as many as 75 units, gradually phasing out its legacy fleet of F-16s. The shift from the F-16 to the FC-31 signals Pakistan’s growing reliance on Chinese defense technology, a trend that has been steadily increasing over the past decade.
The F-16 Fighting Falcon has long been the backbone of the PAF, with its MLU-15 (Mid-Life Update) variants still serving in frontline roles. However, with the increasing age of the fleet and the limitations posed by U.S. restrictions on upgrades and parts, Pakistan has been exploring alternative options to maintain its aerial combat capabilities. The FC-31 provides a modern solution to this problem, offering not only superior stealth features but also advanced avionics, radar, and weaponry.
The transition to the FC-31 will provide the PAF with a platform that is better suited to deal with modern air combat challenges, particularly in the context of evolving threats in the South Asian region. The introduction of the FC-31 will help Pakistan maintain a technological edge over adversaries and ensure the PAF remains competitive against regional air forces equipped with fourth and fifth-generation jets.
Recent reports from Pakistani media indicate that PAF pilots have already commenced training on the FC-31 in China. However, these initial flights are not just about pilot familiarization but also involve testing and recommending the necessary configurations to tailor the jet for PAF’s operational needs. This customization process will be crucial in ensuring that the FC-31 integrates smoothly into the PAF’s existing command and control systems, while also aligning with the specific combat doctrines of the force.
The first FC-31s are expected to begin arriving in Pakistan no earlier than 2027, with the procurement and deployment process spanning several years. This phased approach will allow the PAF to gradually replace its F-16s and integrate the new platform into its air operations.
The acquisition of the FC-31 is not just about replacing old jets—it represents a broader shift in Pakistan’s defense strategy. By securing fifth-generation fighters, Pakistan aims to enhance its deterrence capabilities and maintain a competitive edge over regional rivals, particularly India, which is pursuing its own fifth-generation fighter program (AMCA) and acquiring platforms like the Rafale and SU-30MKI.