SOURCE: IDRW.ORG
The 2025 edition of Aero India, held at the Yelahanka Air Force Station in Bengaluru from February 10-14, has once again proven to be a pivotal platform for showcasing India’s advancements in aerospace and defense technology. Among the standout exhibits this year, Hindustan Aeronautics Limited (HAL) unveiled its rebranded Intermediate Jet Trainer-36 (IJT-36) Yashas, a significantly upgraded version of its long-troubled Hindustan Jet Trainer (HJT-36).
The aircraft, previously known as “Sitara,” has undergone extensive modifications to address its technical challenges, and HAL is now confident that the Yashas will soon enter production. Furthermore, HAL is positioning a weaponized variant of the Yashas for the export market, targeting countries seeking a low-cost combat trainer for operations in less contested airspace.
The IJT-36 program, initiated in 1999, aimed to develop an indigenous intermediate jet trainer to replace the aging HAL HJT-16 Kiran in the Indian Air Force (IAF) and Indian Navy training fleets. However, the program faced significant hurdles, notably its inability to meet spin and departure characteristics requirements, leading to delays and skepticism about its viability. After years of redesign and testing, HAL has successfully addressed these issues, culminating in the rebranding of the aircraft as “Yashas” (meaning “success” or “glory” in Sanskrit) at Aero India 2025.
The unveiling ceremony was presided over by Sanjeev Kumar, Secretary (Defence Production), in the presence of Dr. D.K. Sunil, Chairman and Managing Director of HAL, and other senior officials. Dr. Sunil emphasized the significance of the upgrades, stating, “The large-scale changes to the baseline intermediate training platform have led to significant enhancements in its capabilities. This provided an opportunity for a new name to reflect the aircraft’s continued relevance as a training system for modern military aviation.”
Beyond its role as a trainer, HAL is developing a weaponized variant of the Yashas aimed at the export market. This version will be equipped with advanced weaponry, including the Advanced Short Range Air-to-Air Missile (ASRAAM) and rocket pods, transforming it into a low-cost combat trainer suitable for operations in less contested airspace. This strategic move reflects HAL’s ambition to tap into the global demand for affordable, versatile aircraft that can serve dual purposes—training and light combat.
Competition in the global market is another hurdle. Established players like the Korean Aerospace Industries T-50, Leonardo M-346, and Aero Vodochody L-39NG offer advanced trainers with proven combat capabilities, posing a challenge to the Yashas’ market entry. HAL will need to emphasize the Yashas’ cost-effectiveness, customization options, and after-sales support to differentiate it from these competitors.
The Yashas features a host of advanced upgrades, including:
- State-of-the-Art Avionics: A modern glass cockpit with multi-function displays (MFDs) and a heads-up display (HUD), enhancing pilot situational awareness and training effectiveness.
- FADEC-Controlled AL-55I Engine: The Full Authority Digital Engine Control (FADEC)-controlled AL-55I jet engine, supplied by Russia’s United Engine Corporation, offers a best-in-class thrust-to-weight ratio, optimized thrust management, and high reliability.
- Improved Design Features: A stepped-up rear cockpit with a drooped nose provides excellent all-around visibility, while aerodynamic modifications ensure stall and spin recovery capabilities.
- Indigenous Components: The integration of Indian Line Replaceable Units (LRUs) reduces dependence on imported equipment, addressing obsolescence and enhancing self-reliance.
- Operational Versatility: Designed for Stage II pilot training, the Yashas supports aerobatics, armament training, counter-insurgency operations, and counter-surface force missions, with a payload capacity of up to 1,000 kg.
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