SOURCE: AFI
South Korea has embarked on an ambitious journey to develop its own jet engine technology for the KF-21 Boramae fighter jet, marking it as a national mission. This initiative is not only a testament to their commitment to technological self-reliance but also includes significant governmental support through tax exemptions for the project. This strategic move is aimed at reducing dependency on foreign technology, particularly from the United States, where South Korea currently sources engines like the GE F414 for its aircraft.
The decision to develop indigenous jet engines has been bolstered by a substantial investment of approximately $2.2 billion, highlighting the nation’s resolve to become a key player in aerospace technology. By designating the engine development as a strategic project, South Korea ensures that the project receives financial incentives, thereby fostering innovation and local industry growth.
India’s Advanced Medium Combat Aircraft (AMCA) program seeks to introduce a fifth-generation stealth fighter into its air force, a critical step towards enhancing its defense capabilities. A pivotal aspect of this project is the development of new 110kN thrust engines, which are essential for the AMCA Mk-2 to achieve supercruise capabilities, a defining feature of advanced fighters.
Currently, India faces challenges in engine development, with past projects like the Kaveri engine not fully meeting expectations. Consequently, India has been collaborating with international original equipment manufacturers (OEMs) like General Electric (GE), Safran, and Rolls-Royce to explore co-development opportunities. However, the full realization of technology transfer has been limited by export controls and strategic interests of the collaborating countries.
Emulating South Korea’s Model
Utilizing Indigenous Technology: India should leverage its existing capabilities, like the experience gained from the Kaveri program, to inform and expedite new engine development, even if it means initially hybridizing indigenous and foreign technology.
Governmental Support and Incentives:
Tax Exemptions: Similar to South Korea, India could designate the AMCA engine development as a national mission, providing tax incentives or exemptions to the companies involved. This would lower the financial burden on research and development, making it more attractive for private sector participation.
Strategic Partnerships:
Collaborative Development: India can deepen its collaboration with foreign OEMs by negotiating for more favorable terms regarding technology transfer. For instance, the recent proposal by Safran for a full transfer of technology for a 110kN engine suggests a potential path forward. India should aim for agreements where intellectual property rights are shared or owned by Indian entities, ensuring long-term benefits and self-sufficiency.
R&D and Infrastructure Investment:
Establishing a National Mission: Like South Korea, India could set up a new engine development complex as a national mission, focusing on the creation of a 110kN engine. This would not only centralize efforts but also attract top talent and investment into the sector.
Overcoming Bureaucratic Hurdles:
Policy Reforms: Streamlining bureaucratic processes to expedite project timelines, similar to how South Korea has managed the KF-21 project, could be crucial. This involves clearer policy directives, faster funding approvals, and integrating private sector expertise more effectively into defense projects.
Leveraging Existing Capabilities: