SOURCE: AFI
In a strategic pivot, the Indian Ministry of Defence (MoD) has decided against procuring a third aircraft carrier for the Indian Navy, opting instead to enhance its underwater capabilities through an expanded nuclear submarine fleet. This decision marks a significant shift in naval strategy, focusing on stealth, deterrence, and long-range strategic operations.
The decision comes at a time when India is reassessing its defense priorities amidst growing regional tensions, particularly in the Indo-Pacific region where China’s naval expansion is a major concern. The Indian Navy has been vocal about the need to balance its force projection capabilities against the backdrop of evolving threats.
Nuclear submarines, both the attack (SSN) and ballistic missile (SSBN) classes, offer unparalleled stealth and the ability to operate undetected for extended periods. This capability is crucial for deterrence, especially in the context of India’s “no first use” nuclear policy.
Unlike aircraft carriers, which require significant support infrastructure and are high-value targets, submarines can operate independently or with minimal support, providing a cost-effective means of maintaining a naval presence.
With advancements in missile technology and anti-ship capabilities, the vulnerability of aircraft carriers has increased. Modern warfare has shifted towards asymmetric threats where submarines hold a distinct advantage due to their ability to remain hidden.
The navy aims to commission at least six SSNs to complement the existing fleet. These submarines would enhance India’s ability to project power and conduct covert operations far from its shores. With the Arihant class already in service, the development of more SSBNs will ensure a credible second-strike capability, crucial for strategic deterrence.
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