SOURCE: AFI
The Defence Research and Development Organisation (DRDO) is set to achieve a significant milestone in India’s indigenous air defence capabilities with the planned test of the Project Kusha M1 missile in September 2025. This development marks a crucial step in bolstering India’s layered air defence network, designed to counter a wide range of aerial threats.
The M1 missile, part of the ambitious Project Kusha air defence system, was first showcased at Aero India 2025 earlier this year, where its airframe was unveiled, confirming substantial progress in its development. The public display underscored DRDO’s advancements in creating a homegrown, cutting-edge air defence system tailored to India’s strategic needs.
According to senior DRDO sources, the Project Kusha system comprises three variants—M1, M2, and M3—each designed for different engagement ranges. While the kill vehicle, responsible for intercepting and neutralizing incoming threats, will remain common across all three variants, the missiles will feature distinct boosters to achieve varying ranges. This modular approach optimizes development efficiency and ensures versatility in addressing diverse threats, from short-range tactical missiles to long-range ballistic targets.
The M1 variant, slated for testing in September 2025, is expected to lay the foundation for the subsequent trials of the M2 and M3 variants. DRDO sources revealed that the M2 missile trial is scheduled for 2026, following closely on the heels of the M1 test to accelerate the project’s timeline. The M3 variant, designed for extended-range engagements, is projected to undergo trials by 2027. This phased approach reflects DRDO’s strategy to expedite development while ensuring rigorous testing for reliability and performance.
Project Kusha aims to provide India with a robust, multi-layered air defence system capable of intercepting aircraft, drones, cruise missiles, and ballistic missiles. By integrating advanced radar systems, command-and-control networks, and high-precision interceptors, the system is poised to complement existing platforms like the S-400 and indigenous systems such as the Akash and Barak-8.
The upcoming M1 test in September 2025 will be a critical benchmark for DRDO, validating the missile’s airframe, propulsion, and guidance systems. Successful trials across the Kusha variants could position India as a global leader in air defence technology, reducing reliance on foreign systems and enhancing national security.
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